Out of the ashes: Annuities

Like baggy trousers and Star Wars, annuity purchases have seen a resurgence in popularity over recent years after a long period of being ‘left on the shelf’. This renewed interest can be attributed to several factors including economic conditions, demographic shifts and changes in retirement planning strategies.

While some readers may be disappointed to learn this article will not be delving into why some fashion and film from years gone by have resurfaced, you should hopefully come away from it with a better idea on why annuities have become more attractive, their advantages and disadvantages, risk considerations and personal factors to consider.

Why annuity purchases have become more attractive

Interest rates and gilt yields

One of the primary reasons for the renewed interest in annuities is the interest rate and gilt yield environment.

Interest rates play a significant role in the attractiveness of annuities as they have a direct impact on the rate offered by a provider. In periods of low interest rates (which has been the case up until the last few years), lower annuity rates will be offered and vice versa for higher interest rates, which we are seeing now. To put it simply, this is because when interest rates are high, it allows the provider to invest the premium used to purchase the annuity at a higher rate of return, which is then passed on to the annuitant.

Likewise, gilt yields, which are the return on UK government issued bonds, will also impact the annuity rates on offer. Gilt yields have seen significant fluctuation in recent years due to factors such as monetary policy (Liz Truss’ mini-Budget springs to mind here) and inflation expectations, to name a few. Higher gilt yields make annuities more attractive as they allow insurance companies to offer better rates as they earn more from their investments which, again, is fed through to the purchaser. This is particularly relevant in the current environment which has seen 15-year gilt yields remain high (4.77% as of 15 November 2024 and hitting an record high of 5.13% in October 2023).

The combination of these two factors means that annuity rates are higher than they have been for some time. This comes with the temptation to ‘lock in’ higher rates whilst they are available, but there are other variables at play that need to be considered as part of this.

Longevity and retirement planning

Many individuals are living longer and therefore spending more years in retirement. This longevity risk is a key consideration for having a reliable income source throughout retirement. Annuities become attractive here as they secure an income payable for the remainder of one’s life, ensuring retirees do not outlive their financial resources.

Economic stability

In an era of market volatility and economic uncertainty, the guaranteed income provided by annuities is highly appealing. Annuities offer a predictable, stable income stream whilst avoiding investment risk, which can be particularly reassuring for retirees who are concerned about outliving their savings.

Advantages of annuities

Guaranteed income: Annuities provide a guaranteed income for life (or a specified period for fixed term annuities), offering financial security and peace of mind.

Longevity protection: Annuities protect against the risk of outliving your savings. With lifetime annuities, you receive payments for as long as you live.

Simplicity: Once an annuity is purchased, it requires little to no management. This simplicity makes annuities an attractive option for retirees who prefer a hands-off approach to their finances.

Ongoing costs: Once your annuity is up and running, there will likely be no ongoing fees or charges.

Tailoring: There are a range of benefits that can be selected when purchasing an annuity, such as annual payment escalations, a spousal benefit (usually a percentage of income continues to be paid to a spouse on the annuitants’ death) or a guarantee period (if the annuitant dies within a specified timeframe, remaining payments within the guarantee period will be paid to their beneficiary).

Disadvantages of annuities

Lack of flexibility: Annuities are generally inflexible. Once you purchase an annuity, the income and benefits cannot be changed.

Inflation risk: Fixed annuities may not keep pace with inflation, potentially reducing your purchasing power over time. While some annuities offer inflation protection, these options may come with lower initial payouts or a higher premium.

Potentially lower returns: Markets may outperform the annuity rate secured.

Tailoring: Selection of additional benefits, such as those listed earlier, usually means the purchase price is greater or the annuity income offered is lowered. Should no legacy benefits be selected, payments will cease on the annuitant’s death and no funds will be passed on to beneficiaries.

Risk considerations

Provider risk: Evaluating the financial stability of the annuity provider is essential. If the provider faces financial difficulties, your income could be at risk. It is essential to choose a reputable and financially stable insurance company.

Interest rate risk: The income from an annuity is often tied to prevailing interest rates at the time of purchase. Low interest rates can result in lower income. It is important to consider the interest rate environment when purchasing an annuity.

Inflation risk: As mentioned earlier, fixed annuities may not keep up with inflation, which means the real value of income payments may be eroded. Considering annuities with inflation protection or combining annuities with other investments can help mitigate this risk.

Personal factors to consider when purchasing an annuity

Whilst each individual situation will be different, here are some factors that should be considered for an annuity purchase:

1. Health: Your health and life expectancy are crucial factors. If you have a longer life expectancy, a lifetime annuity can provide financial security for many years. If you have health concerns, you might prefer other options that offer more flexibility, however, some providers do offer enhanced annuity rates for clients with certain conditions.
2. Income needs: Assess your monthly income requirements and how an annuity fits into your overall retirement income plan. Would the annuity provide you with a sufficient level of income? Are your income requirements met without the need for an annuity?
3. Risk tolerance and capacity for loss: Consider the level of risk you are comfortable with and your capacity for loss. Annuities offer stability and lower risk, which can be appealing if you prefer a predictable income stream.
4. Financial goals: Align the annuity with your broader financial goals. If you aim to leave a legacy, consider how the annuity impacts your estate planning and inheritance.
5. Current financial situation: Evaluate your current assets, liabilities and other income sources. There may be other assets or options available which can provide the income you require, and these should be considered as part of the retirement plan.
6. Spousal or dependant considerations: If you are married or have dependants, will they need providing for after your death? Considering an annuity with a spousal or dependant’s benefit can ensure their financial security on your death.

Conclusion

The resurgence of annuity purchases is most likely as a direct result of interest rates and gilt yields being high, however, other factors such as the need for financial security and increasing longevity will have also played a role in decision-making. 

While annuities offer several advantages, including guaranteed income for the remainder of one’s life, they also come with disadvantages, such as lack of flexibility and inflation risk. Understanding the risks, considering personal factors and exploring alternative options can help you make an informed decision that aligns with your retirement goals. 

As Yoda once wisely said, “Always in motion, is the future” which aptly reflects the way in which personal circumstances and market conditions continually evolve and impact retirement decisions. Consulting with a financial advisor who can assess your current circumstances and provide personalised guidance can make the difference in helping you navigate the complexities of retirement planning.